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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

江西政协委员建议完善乡村医疗卫生体系 固乡村振兴“健康之基”******

　　中新网南昌1月12日电 (刘力鑫)2023年春节将至，广大农村地区即将迎来“返乡潮”。农村医疗卫生资源基础薄弱、医疗服务能力不足，是疫情防控的重点地区和难点领域。正在举行的江西省两会上，多位江西政协委员建议完善乡村医疗卫生体系，进一步筑牢乡村振兴的“健康之基”。

　　江西是农业大省，农村人口众多。作为农民群众健康“第一道防线”的乡村医疗卫生服务体系，承担着基本医疗、公共卫生等职能，同时也是打赢健康扶贫攻坚战、疫情防控阻击战的“网底”力量。

　　农工党江西省委会在一份提案中表示，近年来，江西省村级医疗卫生体系不断完善，但对照乡村振兴要求和人民群众的期待，还需进一步优化、升级、提档，要进行医疗卫生的“供给侧结构性改革”。

　　该提案称，要优化体系设置，重点在优化村卫生室布点、加强一体化管理、提高服务水平上下功夫，通过提高准入门槛和建立退出机制，在逐步精简村医队伍的同时提高收入；要加强财力保障，建议将水电、网络、医保接口费用等基本运行开支纳入同级政府预算，由财政保障统一购买医疗责任险，加强对基本公共卫生服务、基本药物补助配套落实情况的监管；要提高医保限额，建议从方便群众就医和落实分级诊疗出发，适当提高村卫生室年就诊和次就诊金额限额，给村卫生室的发展“松绑”。

　　江西省政协委员、萍乡市委常委、统战部部长罗璇也在一份提案中表示，要积极探索优化乡村医疗卫生管理体制，破解乡村卫生健康发展瓶颈，具体包括完善乡村医疗机构和医疗人员制度建设、全面推行乡村医疗机构一体化管理、建立乡村医生执业风险化解机制。还要逐步推动“互联网+诊疗”在乡村医疗卫生领域的应用，提高乡村卫生健康管理现代化水平。

　　此外，针对当前农村地区面临的疫情防控问题，九三学社江西省委会在一份提案中建议要保障村卫生室药物储备、补充基层医疗机构人员、给重点人群组织发放“健康防疫包”、加强科普宣传，提高个人防护意识、建立村级应急转运队伍，强化急危重症患者转移救治工作。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）